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The Archaic Period (ca. 8000 B.C. - 1000 B.C.) William A. Ritchie (1932) first used the term "Archaic" in American archeological literature to describe the cultural material, primarily chipped stone tools, from the Lamoka Lake Site in New York. During the Works Progress Administration (WPA) excavations of the 1930s and 1940s, southeastern sites that were recognized as producing lithic materials similar to Lamoka Lake were also classified as Archaic. Today, archeologists use the term to describe a temporal and cultural period, differentiated from the earlier

Paleoindian period and more recent periods on the basis of stylistic differences in stone point types, the appearance of other artifacts, and changes in economic orientation. The Early Archaic period (8000 B.C. to 6000 B.C.) was defined on the basis of chipped stone projectile point technology and styles. This time period is associated with the final glacial retreat on the North American continent and an environment similar to that found in the Southeast today. The Middle Archaic period (6000 B.C. to 3000 B.C.) in the Southeast is marked by a further intensification of regionalization of prehistoric cultures. A variety of new chipped stone points (for example, Stanly, Morrow Mountain, Levy, Eva, Benton, Cypress Creek, Arrendondo, White Springs, Sykes, and Newnan) and a series of ground stone tools and implements first appear in this period. These tools are used mainly for plant food processing. The Late Archaic period (3000 B.C. to 1000 B.C.) in the Southeast consisted of regional specialization using a generalized subsistence technology to efficiently exploit locally available plant and animal resources. 

Virginia Indians from 3,000 to 10,000 Years Ago [8,000 B.C. - 1,000 B. C.] Archaic means "old." Archaeologists give the name "Archaic" to a period of time in early Indian history before we have written records. The Archaic Period began about 10,000 years ago and ended about 3,000 years ago (1,000 B.C.). Archaeologists use artifacts, such as spear points, as a means of separating the Archaic Period from the Paleo-Indian Period.

Desert Archaic (6500 B. C. to 1200 B. C.) Eight and a half thousand years ago in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, the time had come for change. A 2000-year period of cool, wet weather was giving way to a time of heat and drought. Playa lakes, once filled by rainfall, had begun to evaporate. Lower elevation forests, previously nurtured by the rainfall, had begun a retreat into the mountains. Intermontane basin grasslands had begun to wither. Many large game animals had begun a migration to more favorable areas. Desert plants and animals, formerly confined to the arid southern reaches of Sonora and Chihuahua, had begun to advance northward into the drying basins

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