Carting
What I will attempt to do is give you a
general feeling of what it takes to do carting and how much fun it is to
train your dog to pull. Whether he pulls a cart, wagon, sled, travois, a
truck load of dog food, or you on skis, there is nothing that is more
fun!
Let's go over a few things first. When I
refer to a dog, I mean either male or female of any breed. (My
preferred breed is the Rottweiler so you will occasionally find them
referred to here!) The dog must be of adequate size and have a
disposition that will allow you to train him easily to the task of
carting. A dog that can compete at the Companion Dog (CD) level has a
good start on the right training to be effective at draft work. The
amount of fun you and your dog will have depends on his temperament and
your ability to train him properly for draft work. Common sense must be
the byword for this very special endeavor. There is no such thing as too
much obedience training. Don't assume that your dog will leap at the
chance to do draft work. The chances are that he will more than likely
"leap" desperately in the opposite direction to start.
Because a dog's structure is not like a
horse or an ox, you must consider the type of rig/cart/wagon that you
will use. A wagon is a four wheeled vehicle. A cart has two or three
wheels instead of the wagon's four. A sled or sledge is a vehicle on
runners used on snow or grass.
The type of harness (freight, cart,
siwash, nylon web, or leather), must be the best you can afford. There
are a multitude of harness types on the market today. Freight and Siwash
style harnesses are easily adapted to carts or wagons with a little
ingenuity. Make sure the harness fits well and is padded. I have seen
dogs chafed and cut to the bone because of improperly fitted harnesses.
WHY TRAIN YOUR DOGS FOR DRAFT WORK?
Besides the obvious benefits to heart and
lungs for both you and your dogs, draft work can be both fun and useful.
Your child can use the dog and cart to help on his newspaper route. You
can have him pull the groceries home. In the country, he can haul fire
wood back to the house. What better publicity for your breed of dog than
seeing a well trained team in a parade or at special events? Sled dog
teams can be registered with local police departments to help transport
people and supplies. What better reasons could you have for training
your dog for draft work?
Most dogs will show an interest in
pulling right from the start. A few will want nothing to do with the
whole idea until they learn how to do it. Don't be disappointed if your
dog is not perfect the first time out. Dogs that work willingly on the
first attempt are rare. As with all training, your confidence and a firm
hand will go a long way in achieving that perfect draft dog.
BEFORE YOU BEGIN TRAINING
You must use common sense when training
your draft dog. Most problems occur because of a lack of understanding
between the dog and driver. When you become angry, confused, or
impatient, put the dog away. You can only do more harm than good if this
happens. One person must do all the training. Everyone has a different
way of saying a command. Commands from several different people during
training will only confuse the dog.
Your dog must be in top physical
condition. Toe nails must be short. A good quality food should be
provided. The stresses placed on the dog mentally as well as physically
may require a higher intake than normal. This doesn't mean over feed
your dog. Obesity is the worst enemy of the draft dog. Never let your
dogs get fat.
All your training instincts must be in
use while working with your dog. Be alert to his posture. When you have
him in harness, and he is trying hard but unable to accomplish what you
have asked him to do, STOP. Is the load too heavy? Is the weather
too warm? Is the harness chafing or cutting into him? You must solve the
problem in such a way that he still has confidence in his own abilities.
Remember, if you want to be part of a good draft team, MAKE IT FUN!
I have just touched on a few of the basic
items involved with starting draft work. There are many more areas that
I could cover. If you like what you see and want me to publish more
information, write to me at the address listed below.
TERMS USED IN DRAFT WORK/SLEDDING
| GEE | Turn right |
| HAW | Turn left |
| WHOA, STOP, HOLD | All mean stop. |
| HIKE, MUSH OKAY, ALL RIGHT, LET'S GO | All are forward commands, varying according to the preference of the driver. |
| GEE COME! HAW COME! | are commands to come back and reverse direction on the trail. |
| ON BY! | used when you want your dog to continue past some distraction that has caught his attention. |
| TIGHTEN UP | is called to the leader when he is to stretch the gang line tight and hold it, or be ready for a start. |
| LEAD DOG | is the first dog in line, sometimes two dogs. |
| POINT DOGS | are fast eager dogs making up the first pair behind the leader, and are often leaders in training. |
| SWING DOGS | are all the other pairs except those closest to the rig. |
| WHEEL DOGS | are the closest to the rig, almost always, dogs with stamina. They control the behavior of the rig. |
Travois
A Travois is a primitive vehicle used by
the plains Indians consisting of two trailing poles serving as shafts
and bearing a platform or net for the load.
Two Wheel Carts
Carts are two wheeled vehicles pulled by
a horse, pony, or a dog. Sizes vary depending on the animal used to pull
it. The weight MUST BE BALANCED, otherwise, it will bear down too
heavily on the dog. Worse still, tilt upward with the tendency to lift
the dog off his feet.
Four Wheel Wagons
Wagons are low four-wheeled vehicles with
an open rectangular body and a tongue or shafts used to pull with. Four
wheeled wagons with their widely spaced wheels are less prone to tipping
over. They can also support the larger weights loaded into them without
putting to much stress on a dog's back. Wagons can be as simple as a
flat bed or frame mounted on the wheels, or include seats, cargo areas
etc. But remember, your dog has to pull the additional weight that this
adds to the wagon. One of the disadvantages is that a wagon usually
requires a larger turning radius than a two-wheel cart. It is also much
harder to back a wagon in a straight line if you get stuck in a narrow
area
Sleds
A sled is a vehicle on runners used for
transportation. It may also have a solid bottom such as a toboggan. It
is usually used on snow or ice.
Harness
A harness is used as a way to attach the
dog to the rig. It can be made of any material. A harness is used as a
way to attach the dog to the rig. It can be made of leather, nylon web
or any other suitable material. There are several different types of
harness, freight, cart, siwash, and x-back. Freight and Siwash style
harnesses are easily adapted to carts or wagons with a little ingenuity.
Even a tracking harness can be adapted to draft work. Make sure the
harness fits well and is padded.
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