This book is included in the Self Reliance Gardening section.
Preface To warn my successors of the dangers into which I fell myself as a pioneer, and to make their path easier, is the object of this little book. Table of Contents PART I. TROUT-BREEDING WORKS. CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION. Trout can be raised successfully. Qualities required for the Best Success. The Principle of Security, emphasized because, I. It will insure Success; 2. Losses occur on so large a Scale; 3. Sources of Danger unseen. Suitable Water, Importance of. Precautions: 1. Beware of Insufficient Water; 2. Of Freshets; 3. Of Water that heats in Summer; 4. Of Water intrinsically Unfavorable to Trout. Spring and Brook Water compared. CHAPTER II. PONDS. A Beginner's Inquiries. Directions about the Construction of Ponds: 1. Exercise Forethought in locating Ponds; 2. Excavate the Ponds rather than dam up the Stream; 3. Build compactly; 4. Build small Ponds for Business; 5. Have a Fall at the Head of each Pond; 6. Do not build Ponds too near the Spring; 7. Build Keeper's House very near the Ponds; 8. Make Ponds very Secure; 9. Shape of the Ponds; 10. Be able to draw off the Water; 11. Beware of Hiding-Places; 12. Number of Ponds; 13. Protections for Ponds; 14. Spawning Beds. Ainsworth's Spawning Races. Collins's Roller Spawning Box; 15. Inlets and Outlets; 16 Screens. CHAPTER III. BUILDINGS. Buildings required. Meat Room. Store-Room and Carpenter's Shop. Office. Ice-House. Other Structures. Hatching House. Size of Hatching House; Location; Shape; No Fire required; Skylights; Waterproof Partitions. CHAPTER IV. HATCHING APPARATUS. Enumeration of Hatching Apparatus: I. Supply Reservoir; 2. Hatching-Room Aqueduct, Effect of Air on Temperature of Water; 3. Filtering Arrangements: Nature of Sediment, Filtering Tanks and Screens, Flannel for Filters, Cleaning the Filters; 4. The Distributing Spout, Temporary Aqueduct, Gravel Filter; 5. Hatching Compartments or Hatching Apparatus proper, Responsibility of. Materials. Glass Grilles vs. Charcoal Troughs. Expense of Carbonized Wood compared with Glass Grilles. Discovery of Carbonized Wood for Hatching. Wood lined with Glass inadequate. Placing the Hatching Troughs; Dimensions; Compartments; Elevation; Inclination. Screens. Trap-Box. Laying the Gravel; Size of Gravel; Preparation of; Depth. The Covers. Most Embryos develop' in the Dark. Covers a Protection from Enemies. Glass Grilles. Wire-Netting Hatching Trays. Various Methods of using Trays: I. The One-Tier Method; 2. The Double-Tier System; 3. Williamson's Method; 4. Clark's Method; 5. Helton's Method; 6. The Use of deep Trays with the Williamson Hatching Troughs. CHAPTER V. THE NURSERY. Introduction. The Water. Methods of Rearing. Ponds vs. Rearing-Boxes. Rearing-Boxes; Essential Points of: I. A Fall of Water; 2. A Current; 3. Protection against Suction; 4. Security from Overflow; 5. Absence of fixed Hiding- Places; 6. Compactness; 7. Protection against Outside Enemies; 8. Perfectly Tight Joints; 9. Protection against Fungus. Maximum and Minimum Supply of Water. Arrangement of Rearing-Boxes. Directions for Ponds. PART II. PROCESSES IN TROUT BREEDING. CHAPTER I. TAKING THE EGGS. Introduction. Preparations for the Spawning Season. The Spawning Season. Appearance of the Two Sexes. The First Fish up. Method of Capturing. Holding the Fish. The Writer's Method. Directions about Handling. Impregnating the Eggs. Russian Method. Russian vs. American Theory. How to tell Ripe Fish. Further Directions for Impregnating the Eggs: 1. Use Eggs that flow easily, and no others; 2. Use good Milt and plenty of it; 3. Make Quick Work in Impregnating the Eggs; 4. Allow the Eggs Ample Time to separate; 5. Rinse thoroughly; 6. Practise to acquire Dexterity. Closing Notes. Time of Spawning. Age. Number of Eggs. Effect of the Weather. Best Days for Spawning. Spawning in the Pond. The Spawning Pans. Placing the Spawn. CHAPTER II. HATCHING THE EGGS. Kind of Labor required. Dangers: I. Fungus; 2. Sediment; 3. Living Enemies; 4. Byssus. Examination of the Eggs. Instruments for Picking out Eggs. How to tell Dead Eggs. Method of Procedure. Estimating Percentage of Impregnation. Time required for Hatching. Progress of the Eggs. How to tell Eggs that will produce Good Fish. Transportation. Packing. Modus Operandi. CHAPTER III. CARE OF ALEVINS. Hatching of the First Trout. Duration of Yolk-Sac Period; Progress of. Instinct to hide. New Instinct. Indifference to Cold. Alevins easily Transported. The Black Crook. CHAPTER IV. REARING THE YOUNG FRY. SECTION I. Progress of Young Fry, and General Directions. When to begin to feed. Method of Feeding. Hammerle's Invention for feeding Trout. Bright Prospects. The Young Fry dying. How to save them. Further Progress SECTION II. What to do to make the Young Fry live: 1. Have healthy, well-fed Breeders; Large Eggs how produced; 2. Develop strong and healthy Embryos in Egg; 3. Provide Suitable Place for Young Fry. 4. Points to be secured: 5. No Possibility of Water being cut off; 6. New, unused Water essential; 7. Shade necessary; 8. Must not be crowded; 9. Take good Care of Fish. Scepticism about raising Young Fry. Discussion. Causes of Death external and removable. Maxims. Good Care rewarded SECTION III. Diseases of Trout Fry. Untrodden Field. Diseases enumerated: 1. Fungus on the Egg; 2. Partial Suffocation of the Embryo; 3. Strangulation of the Embryo; 4. Seth Green's Dropsy, or Blue Swelling; 5. Deformity at Birth; 6. Fungus on the Surface of the Body; 7. Constitutional Weakness; 8. Emaciation; 9. Starvation; 10. Ulcers on the Head; 11. Animal Parasites; 12. Fin Disease; 13. Black Ophthalmia; 14. Irritation of the Optic Nerve; 15. Inflammation of the Gills; 16. Fatty Degeneration of the Vitals; 17. Spotted Rash; 18. Strangulation by Food; 19. Cannibalism, Nibbling; 20. Overheating; 21. Suffocation. Cautions SECTION IV. Filling Orders for Young Fry. Preparations. Counting. Precautions in Travelling. CHAPTER V. GROWING THE LARGE TROUT. SECTION I. Trout in general. Scientific Description of the Salmo Fontinalis (Storer). Trout the favorite among Fishes. Suited to Domestication. Sight. Hearing. Smell. Habitat. Peculiarities. Natural Food. Age. Weight SECTION II. Commissary Department. The right Kind of Food. Other Kinds of Food. Care and Preparation of the Meat. Feeding. Daily Rations SECTION III. How to secure the Large Trout against Loss. Guard against: 1. Freshets; 2. Overstocking; 3. Heated Water; 4. Careless Handling; 5. Cannibalism; 6. Fouled Water; 7. Natural Enemies; 8. Poachers. Safeguards at Cold Spring Trout Ponds. Jack SECTION IV. How to grow Trout to a very Large Size and rapidly. Directions: 1. Give them Plenty of Water; 2. Plenty of Food; 3. Warm Water (relatively); 4. Range; 5. Space SECTION V. Daily Care of the Large Trout. Little Labor required. Mortality slight SECTION VI. Marketing the Trout CHAPTER VI. CONCLUDING CHAPTER. SECTION I. Work in general of a Trout-Breeding Establishment: In Summer; Fall; Winter; Spring. The Pecuniary View of Trout-Growing Current Expenses. Large Margins of Profit. Estimates. Risk. Sale of Spawn. Young Stock. Prices Current SECTION II. Recapitulation. Summary of Directions and Precautions in Regard to Water, Ponds, Nursery, Eggs, Young Fry, and Large Trout. APPENDIX. I. A New Discovery. Cure for Fungus II. Journeys of Live Fish and Eggs III. Odds and Ends IV. Patent Carbonized Hatching Troughs V. Brief Sketch of Operations at the Cold Spring Trout Ponds VI. Salmon-Breeding Establishment on the Mirimichi VII. Experiments with Trout Eggs and Trout VIII. The Progress of Development of a Salmo Egg (Coregonus palcza). (Vogt.) Translated from the French by Frances W. Webber IX. Perch Hatching X. Organization of the American Fish Culturists' Association XI. Specimens of Salmonidae for Professor Agassiz XII. Marking Salmon (Buckland) XIII. Are the Fish in the Sea diminishing? (Bertram.) XIV. Books on Fish Culture INDEX End of Preview. RETURN to Main Titles Index or Self Reliance Gardening
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