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EM 1110-2-1908 Instrumentation of Embankment
Dams & Levees

By US Army Corps of Engineers
86 pages 1995

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This book is included in the Self Reliance Water & Wells section.

wwhmurray1

Engineering & Design
Instrumentation of Embankment Dams & Levees
1. Purpose. This manual provides guidance to Corps of Engineers personnel who are responsible for
monitoring and analyzing embankment dams and levees.	

2. Applicability. This manual applies to HQUSACE elements, major subordinate commands (MSC),
districts, laboratories, and field operating activities (FOA) involved with planning, design, construction,
installation, monitoring, analysis, and maintenance of instrumentations systems in Corps of Engineers
embankment dams and levees.	

FOR THE COMMANDER:
	James D. Craig
	Colonel, Corps of Engineers,
	Chief of Staff

CONTENTS

Chapter 1 Introduction
	Purpose	
	Applicability
	References
	Focus
	Approach 
	Scope 
	Format of the Manual 
	Use of the Manual
	Implementation of an Instrumentation Program 

Chapter 2 Behavior of Embankments and Abutments 
	Introduction 
	Basics of Soil Structure 
	Groundwater Level and Pore Water Pressure 
	Time Lag in Groundwater Observations 
	Mechanisms That Control Behavior 

Chapter 3 Instrumentation Concepts, Objectives, and System Design Considerations 
	Introduction
	Unique Characteristics of Geotechnical Engineering 
	Characteristics of Geotechnical Instrumentation 
	Instrumentation Objectives
	Basic Instrumentation Concepts 
	Instrumentation System Planning 
	Procurement 
	Personnel Qualifications and Responsibilities

Chapter 4 Summary of Measurement Methods
	Introduction 
	Instrumentation Measurement Methods
	Measurement of Piezometric Pressure
	Measurement of Deformation
	Measurement of Total Stress
	Measurement of Temperature 
	Measurement of Seismic Events
	Measurement of Seepage Emerging Downstream

Chapter 5 Automation Considerations
	Introduction 
	Applications
	Advantages and Limitations of Automation 
	Description of Automated Systems 
	Planning a System 
	Designing an Automation System
	Implementation 
	Data Acquisition, Management, Analysis, and Reporting 
	Maintenance

Chapter 6 Installation
	Introduction
	Personnel Issues 
	Contracting Issues 
	Instrumentation of New Structures 
	Instrumentation of Existing Structures 
	Drilling Fluids 
	General Installation Procedures
	Installation Procedures for Piezometers in Boreholes
	Installation Procedures for Other Instruments
	Backfilling Boreholes
	Protective Housings
	Documentation 

Chapter 7 Data Management, Analysis, and Reporting
	Introduction 
	Data Management 
	Engineering Analysis 
	Formal Reporting and Documentation 

Chapter 8 Instrument Maintenance
	Introduction 
	Importance of Maintenance and Recalibration
	Recalibration During Service Life 
	Maintenance During Service Life 
	Instruments Requiring Specific Maintenance 
	Automation Equipment

Chapter 9 Continual Reassessment for Long-Term Monitoring
	Introduction
	Long-term vs Construction-Related Instruments
	Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Instruments
	The Evolving Instrumentation System
	Steps for Continual Reassessment
	Selection of Parameters to Monitor
	Management

Appendix A References
	Required Publications 
	Related Publications 

Appendix B Drilling Methods
	Introduction
	Hollow Stem Auger Drilling
	Cable Tool Drilling 
	Direct Mud (Water) Rotary Drilling 
	Air Drilling Systems 
	Core Drilling 
	Dual-Wall Reverse Circulation
	Drilling 
	Wash Boring 
	Other Drilling Methods

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