This book is included in the Self Reliance Water & Wells section.
PREFACE
This book has been written from the point
of view of the constructing engineer. It discusses only those features
of design which are or may be variable with each particular case, or
which, from their nature, are better known and appreciated by the
constructor as the work progresses, than by the designer before the work
starts.
Many volumes have been written upon the design of masonry dams; the
principle features and methods have been reduced to what may be called
an accepted, standard practice. It is hoped that the present work will
supply the details of construction and supervision which have not been
adequately covered heretofore. For a number of years descriptions of
particular dams have appeared in the engineering periodicals, but little
attention has been given in these articles to the general principles of
construction involved.
Within the limitations of this book it was not possible to cover the
subject in all its ramifications. Earth work, rock excavation, cement,
pumping and many similar subjects have been passed over entirely either
because adequate treatment was impossible in such a work as this, or
because they are fully covered in other books. Other subjects, such as
power, are touched upon in the most elementary manner and solely from
the point of view of the man engaged in dam construction. Thus the
material on source and distribution of power are mere suggestions, while
the subjects of power required, cost of power, etc., are treated
somewhat more fully.
It is probably true that for one dam actually built, several are
projected and more or less thoroughly examined. The inception and
promotion of such projects and their examination by financiers, result
in a number of engineers being called upon for estimates of cost. Such
estimates must often be prepared within a limited time and for a limited
expenditure. To facilitate the rapid and reasonably accurate treatment
of such estimates, a chapter has been added on this subject, and this,
in fact, was one of the chief purposes of the book. It is hoped that the
cost figures will prove a reliable and useful guide for estimates. Labor
costs, as always, must be used with caution, and only after a careful
comparison of conditions. The plant costs should be more generally
applicable, as the possible margin of error in them would result in but
an insignificant error in the total estimated cost of the work. When
time permits, or the plant is especially large, additional figures are
advisable, but in the majority of cases the figures presented will, it
is hoped, be a useful guide.
CWS
New York
December, 1914
Contents
Preface
List of Plates
Introduction
Chapter I. Exploring the site
Wash Drill borings - Equipment Illustrated - Difficulties and
Cost of Wash Borings - Interpretation of results - Core Borings In the
Rock - Different kinds of drills - Cost of core drilling -
Interpretation of results - Illustrative examples - Testing of holes by
air or water pressure - Testing borings at Olive Bridge dam - Wachusett
dam.
Chapter II. Temporary Works for Stream Diversion
Various types of diversion works - Actual examples with cost.
Chapter III. Preparing the Foundation
Final Stage of Excavation - Cleaning - Starting the Masonry -
Grouting - Data on two grouted foundations.
Chapter IV. Masonry Construction
Sand - Manufactured Sand - Mortar - Concrete - Stone -
Cyclopean Masonry - Comparison of rubble and cyclopean methods -
Progress in masonry construction - Conditions governing progress -
Arrangement and moving of derricks.
Chapter V. Quarrying
Conditions affecting cost - Instances of cost.
Chapter VI. Face Work
General Discussion - Specifications - Inclination of beds -
Cost of face work - Cost of concrete blocks - Pointing
Chapter VII. & VIII. Miscellaneous Features
Freezing Weather - Use of Salt - Settlement of Masonry -
Uplift Pressure - Drainage of Foundations - Drainage of Masonry - Effect
of temperature changes - Leakage - Expansion joints - Examples of
leakage - Ice thrust - Initial stress - Instructions to inspectors.
Chapter IX. Plant and Power
Depreciation of plant and other factors - Source of power -
Distribution of power.
Chapter X. Installation Required and Power Consumption
Comparison of performances - Power factor - Load curves -
Examples, with costs.
Chapter XI. Assembling Materials, Crushing and Mixing
General discussion - Description and cost of modern plant
Chapter XII. Transportation of Materials
Cableways - Delivery by tracks - Delivery by chute and belt
conveyors - Pneumatic mixing and conveying - Various transporting
devices.
Chapter XIII. Probable Future Methods
Increase of output - Development of existing appliances -
Possible new appliances.
Chapter XIV. Estimates of Cost
Chapter XV. Partial List of Existing Dams with Descriptions and Costs
- Index
End of Preview.
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