This book is included in the US Armed Forces Organizations section.
Preface
The Rules of Engagement (ROE) Handbook is a product of
the Center for Law and Military Operations (CLAMO). It is
designed to assist operational lawyers in planning and
conducting comprehensive ROE training programs for their
affiliated units. The contents of this book are based on
lessons learned by judge advocates and on examples and
training vignettes used successfully in the field. All ROE
training programs must be tailored to the particular unit's
mission. Vignette solutions must be based on the mission specific
ROE applicable to the unit.
The information in this Handbook pertains to rules
of engagement in foreign operations, not to use of force in
domestic operations. The information contained in this
handbook is not doctrine (with the exception of footnoted
doctrinal material regarding the military decision-making
process). There is little US Army or US Marine Corps
doctrine on how to train ROE at this time. However, one
source Judge Advocates should consult is Department of the
Army Field Manual (FM) 27-100, Legal Support to Operations.
This Handbook also does not represent the official
position of the US Army, the US Marine Corps, the Office of
the Judge Advocate General, the Staff Judge Advocate to the
Commandant of the Marine Corps, or the Judge Advocate
General's School. The information and samples provided in
this book are advisory only.
This is the first ROE Handbook produced by the Center.
It was produced in response to frequent requests for ROE
vignettes that could be used in ROE briefings or tailored
to CTT and STX events. Publication of this book would not
have been possible without the creativity and tireless
efforts of countless judge advocates, who train soldiers,
Marines, units, and commanders on ROE every day. This book
is a compilation of their ideas and experience.
The Center welcomes your suggestions, comments, and
work products for incorporation into the next edition of
the ROE Handbook. You may contact us at (804) 972-
6448/6339, via email, at CLAMO@hqda.army.mil or CLAMO@hqdas.
army.smil.mil, or at 600 Massie Road, Charlottesville,
Virginia 22902-1781.
CONTENTS
ROE DEVELOPMENT
1. ROE DEVELOPMENT
2. THE JOINT PLANNING PROCESS
a. Joint Planning
(1) Campaign Planning
(2) Deliberate Planning
(3) Crisis Action Planning
b. The Joint Planning Group
c. Staff and JA Roles and Actions
(1) Mission Analysis
(2) Planning Guidance
(3) Course of Action (COA)
Development
(4) COA Analysis
(5) COA Comparison
(6) COA Selection
(7) Order Preparation
3. THE MARINE CORPS PLANNING PROCESS
a. Marine Corps Planning: The MCPP
b. Staff and JA Roles and Actions
(1) Mission Analysis
(2) Course of Action (COA)
Development
(3) COA War Game
(4) COA Comparison and Decision
(5) Orders Development
(6) Transition
4. THE ARMY’S MILITARY DECISION-MAKING PROCESS
a. Army Planning: The MDMP
b. Staff and JA Roles and Actions
(1) Receipt of Mission
(2) Mission Analysis
(3) Course Of Action (COA)
Development
(4) COA Analysis (War Game)
(5) COA Comparison
(6) Commander’s Decision Briefing
(7) COA Approval
(8) Orders Production
c. The MDMP in a Time Constrained Environment
5. THE ROE PLANNING CELL
6. REMEMBER THE INHERENT RIGHT OF SELF-DEFENSE
ROE TRAINING
1. INTRODUCTION
2. GENERAL ROE TRAINING
a. Principles
b. Tactics, Techniques and Procedures (TTPs)
(1) R-A-M-P
(2) V-E-W-P-R-I-K and the 5 S’s
(3) Hand S-A-L-U-T-E
(4) Warn ‘Em, Scare ‘Em, Force ‘Em
(5) Vignette and Common Task Training (CTT)
(6) Situational Training Exercise (STX) Training
(7) Leader/Commander Training
3. MISSION-SPECIFIC ROE TRAINING
4. NATO AND MULTINATIONAL ROE
5. CONCLUSION
ROE “MINEFIELDS”
1. INTRODUCTION
2. RIOT CONTROL AGENTS
a. Discussion of Riot Control Agents (RCAs)
b. When can RCAs be used?
(1) War and Armed Conflict
(2) Peacetime and Operations Other Than War (OOTW)
c. How should troops be trained with RCAs?
3. OTHER NON-LETHAL WEAPONS (NLWS)
a. Discussion of NLWs
b. When can NLWs be used?
c. How should troops be trained with NLWs?
4. LAND MINES
a. The Law
(1) Convention on Conventional Weapons (UNCCW)
(2) Amended Protocol II to the UNCCW
(3) Ottawa Convention
b. US Policy
5. CIVIL DISORDER
6. PROTECTED PERSONS AND PROPERTY
7. ROE VERSUS LOW, FIRE CONTROL MEASURES, AND TACTICS
8. ROE IN CONTEXT
9. KNOWLEDGE OF WEAPONS
10. “OBSERVED” AND “UNOBSERVED” FIRES
a. Introduction
b. What is “Observed” – Who or what can “observe”?
c. An Alternative?: “Clearly Identified”
d. Time: “Stale” Targets
11. THE INHERENT RIGHT OF SELF-DEFENSE
APPENDIX A: JCS SROE (UNCLASSIFIED)
APPENDIX B: SAMPLE ROE ANNEXES
ANNEX F (RULES OF ENGAGEMENT) TO XVIII AIRBORNE CORPS FSOP
82D AIRBORNE DIVISION WARFIGHTER EXERCISE ROE
1ST INFANTRY DIVISION ROE ANNEX TEMPLATE
1ST INFANTRY DIVISION EXERCISE ROE
1ST ARMORED DIVISION HIGH INTENSITY CONFLICT EXERCISE ROE
1ST ARMORED DIVISION EXERCISE ROE
1ST CAVALRY DIVISION STANDING ROE (6 APR 98)
101ST AIRBORNE (AIR ASSAULT) DIVISION MINI-EXERCISE ROE
26TH MEU(SOC) STANDING OPERATIONS ORDER ROE ANNEX
JTF-160 (OPERATION SEA SIGNAL) ROE ANNEX
OPERATION PROVIDE COMFORT ROE ANNEX
SAMPLE ROE AUTHORIZATION SERIAL
MULTINATIONAL FORCE OBSERVER MISSION ROE (SINAI)
BOSNIA—UNPROFOR ROE (PRE-DAYTON PEACE ACCORD ROE)
NTC SAMPLE TRAINING ROE: ANNEX E (RULES OF ENGAGEMENT (ROE)) TO 52 ID (M) OPLAN 99-09-01
JRTC SAMPLE TRAINING ROE: ANNEX E (RULES OF ENGAGEMENT) TO OPERATION ORDER 00--21ST ID (L)
APPENDIX C: SAMPLE ROE CARDS
SHINING HOPE-ALBANIA
OPERATION ALLIED HARBOR
OPERATION ALLIED HARBOR
BOSNIA—IFOR
BOSNIA—SFOR
BOSNIA—OPERATION JOINT FORGE
OPERATION ALLIED FORCE: CSAR/TRAP ROE FOR AIRCREW
OPERATION ALLIED FORCE: CSAR/TRAP
DESERT SHIELD (PEACETIME)
DESERT STORM
SPECIAL OPERATIONS ROE FOR OPERATIONS IN IRAQ
HAITI-NEO OR EMBASSY REINFORCEMENT
HAITI-SOLDIER CARD FOR NONPERMISSIVE ENTRY (VERSION 1)
HAITI-SOLDIER CARD FOR NONPERMISSIVE ENTRY (VERSION 2)
HAITI—COMBINED JTF HAITI ROE CARD 1
HAITI—COMBINED JTF HAITI ROE CARD 2: PEACETIME ROE IN EFFECT DURING CIVIL MILITARY OPERATIONS
HAITI—PEACETIME ROE IN EFFECT UNTIL H-2
HAITI—ROE DURING CMO EFFECTIVE BEGINNING PHASE III
HAITI—AIR ROE
OPERATION JOINT ENDEAVOR—HUNGARY
JOINT TASK FORCE L.A.
PACIFIC HAVEN
JTF PROMPT RETURN
KOSOVO: TASK FORCE HAWK ROE CARD
KOSOVO—KFOR ROE SOLDIER’S CARD
KOSOVO—MEU SUPPLEMENTAL CARD
MEU ROE TRAINING CARD
OPERATION PROVIDE COMFORT
SHINING HOPE NATO/AFOR ROE
GENERIC FORCED ENTRY ROE CARD
SOMALIA—UNISOM II
APPENDIX D: SAMPLE ROE TRAINING PROGRAM AND BRIEFS
SAMPLE ROE TRAINING PROGRAM: EXTRACT OF XVIII AIRBORNE CORPS AND FORT BRAGG REGULATION
350-41, TRAINING IN UNITS (12 JANUARY 1998)
FIRST CAVALRY DIVISION BOSNIA ROE BRIEF (AUGUST 1998)
APPENDIX E: VIGNETTES
OOTW VIGNETTES
LOW VIGNETTES
APPENDIX F: WEAPONS INFORMATION
CREW SERVED WEAPONS AND MORTARS
ARTILLERY
NAVAL WEAPONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.........INSIDE BACK COVER
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