

This book is included in the Self Reliance Shelter section.

PREFACE. THE brickmaking industry is one of the oldest known, but most of the modern methods of manufacture are of such recent growth that no single volume contains a description of the most important ones used in this country. The result is that many brickmakers are using machinery and kilns of which they have but little knowledge, and they are labouring under the disadvantage of not knowing what progress has been made. In the present volume, the Author has endeavoured to condense the results of a wide practical experience of all the better known processes, machines, and kilns now in use both in this country and on the Continent into convenient limits, and to express this information in terms which shall be readily understood by all interested in the subject. In other words, he has aimed at clearing up ideas regarding the various processes and appliances used in modern brickmaking and to remove various obscurities at present prevailing in many minds. In this work the Author has had the hearty co-operation of all the chief firms who supply machines, kilns, and other requirements of the brickmaker, together with the assistance of numerous authors of papers, booklets, and larger treatises (both British and Foreign). Their names will usually be found attached to the illustrations, though the publication of anonymous articles in the trade journals prevents acknowledgment in some cases. Whilst it is not possible to give a complete list, the Author hereby acknowledges, with thanks, his indebtedness to all who have been of assistance to him in the manner indicated, as well as to various members of his staff, without whose aid this volume could not so readily have been written. From so large a mass of material, it has often been necessary to describe only one machine, or kiln, of each type, indicating, more or less fully, the points of difference between the one chosen and others equally well known. In deciding which machine, or kiln, to select for such fuller description, the Author has been guided chiefly by his personal knowledge and experience, prominence being given, whenever possible, to those designers or firms to whom the credit of introducing the process under consideration is primarily due. The experienced brickmaker who wishes to develop a new bed of clay, or shale, as well as the capitalist unacquainted with the details of the various appliances, is often placed at a disadvantage when endeavouring to choose between the claims of various firms. After studying such details as are given in the present volume, such prospective purchasers should be able to select a given appliance or process without so serious a risk of loss as if they were ignorant of the different materials to which each process is best adapted. It is not to be supposed that the study of any book will place the reader in the position of an expert, but a careful perusal of the present work will, it is hoped, enable any intelligent person acquainted with the rudiments of the subject, to see the reasonableness or otherwise of suggestions made to him by various persons and to enable him to make use of such new methods as are mentioned in it. To students, builders, civil^ engineers, and to those interested in the development of estates, as well as to brick manufacturers the present volume will, it is anticipated, prove to contain a useful summary of the chief matters of importance in connexion with the various branches of brickmaking. Those who wish for further information on the testing, analysis and scientific control of the materials and processes involved should consult special works (by the author and others), in which these matters are more fully described. ALFRED B. SEABLE. THE WHITE BUILDING, SHEFFIELD. CONTENTS Preface CHAPTER I. The Nature and Selection of Clays. Their Special Suitability for Certain Purposes. The Colour and Characteristics of Various Bricks. Sand, Breeze, and other Materials used. CHAPTER II. The General Manufacture of Bricks. CHAPTER III. Hand-Brickmaking Processes. CHAPTER IV. Plastic Moulding by Machinery. Wire-cut Bricks. Mixers and Feeders. Expression Rolls. Pug-Mills, Mouthpiece Presses and Auger Machines. Cutting Tables. Represses. Dryers. CHAPTER V. The Stiff-Plastic Process. CHAPTER VI. The Semi-Dry or Semi-Plastic Process. CHAPTER VII. The Dry or Dust Process.

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